Confucianism is a philosophical doctrine and ethical code. It assumes human beings are fundamentally good, and teachable, improvable, and perfectible through personal and communal endeavor. This can take the form of ancestor worship, submission to parental authority or the use of family metaphors to describe political leaders. The family is the most important group for Confucian ethics, and devotion to family can only strengthen the society surrounding it. There are 5 further central values: reciprocity, loyalty, propriety, humaneness and justice.

You are a biologist at a university who spent their entire life researching gene editing, but has been skeptical about how often and where it should be used. You suddenly discover a technology which allows the editing of genes to an unprecedented degree. It would allow to modify any existing creature in any way we can imagine and to revive any previously extinct animal. Your wife, whom you have 2 children with, strongly opposes any form of gene modification, but has stayed with you because of your critical stance of when it should be used. You are certain that this technology will not be recreated by someone else.

Haiti was a French colony from 1697 until 1804 where France profited massively from slave labour on plantations. Following Haiti's independence, France forced Haiti to reimburse France for its lost revenue. This debt was ony fully paid off in 1947. Currently, Haiti suffers from severe violence by criminal gangs which have occupied the entire capital with the exception of a few central neighborhoods. Following various government collapses, Haiti has an interim government which has been unable to deal with the gangs. The gangs' control of roads and attacks on harbors and airports, have led to food shortages.

Montessori-education is a form of primary (age 4-12) and secondary (13-18) education which centres around the intrinsic motivation of the child. Children are taught to work independently. In principle, they choose their own work, the level of their work and how much time they will spend on it. The teacher has the role of supervisor and can stimulate and steer the children. The children mainly work in smaller groups or independently. Montessori classes always consist of three year groups mixed together. Regular education entails that the entire class gets taught the same subject, at the same level at the same time and does the same exercises. Regular classes have only one year group

Currently, within psychology, patients are given a diagnosis (e.g. Autism or depression) based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, or DSM. Subsequent treatment is based on this diagnosis. The "Human method" is a practice in psychology where patients are not given a diagnosis. Rather, the therapist looks at the patients pre-dispositions, background and behaviour to determine what the best treatment is.

The Zapatista movement is an Indigenous political and militant group based in Chiapas, the south of Mexico. The group advocates for Indigenous land rights, representation, and strong liberal policies, such as anti-capitalism and environmental protection. They maintain autonomous regions called caracoles that struggle from government pressure, resource and infrastructure constraints, and security risks from local paramilitary groups.